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Les Huit Temps Vus
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Nous avons donc vu
jusqu'à présent les temps suivants:- le présent simple / le présent BE + ING
- le prétérit simple / le prétérit BE + ING
- le present perfect
- le futur
- le conditionnel
- le past perfect
Rappel de l'axe
chronologique:
Rappel de la formation de ces temps:
| TEMPS | FORME AFFIRMATIVE | FORME NÉGATIVE | FORME INTERROGATIVE |
| Présent simple | Sujet + BV (on rajoute un 's' au verbe à la 3ème personne du singulier.) I work... You work.. He works... We work... They work... |
Sujet + DO / DOES + NOT + BV I do not work.. You do not work.. He does not work.. We do not work.. They do not work... |
(mot interrogatif) + DO / DOES +
sujet + BV... ? .... do I work..? ...do you work..? ... does he work..? ... do we work..? ...do they work...? |
| Présent BE + ING | Sujet + BE au présent + V-ING I am working.. You are working.. He is working.. We are working.. They are working.. |
Sujet + BE au
présent
+ NOT + V-ING I am not working.. You are not working.. He is not working.. We are not working... They are not working.. |
(mot interrogatif)
+ BE au présent + sujet + V-ing... ? ... am I working..? ... are you working..? ... is he working..? ... are we working...? ... are they working..? |
| Prétérit simple | Sujet + V-ed I worked.. You worked.. He worked.. We worked.. They worked.. |
Sujet + did + not + BV I did not work.. You did not work.. He did not work.. We did not work.. They did not work... |
(mot interrogatif) + did + sujet + BV... ? ... did I work..? ... did you work..? ... did he work..? ... did we work..? ... did they work...? |
| Prétérit BE + ING | Sujet + BE au
prétérit + V-ing... I was working.. You were working He was working... We were working.. They were working |
Sujet + BE au
prétérit + not + V-ing... I was not working.. You were not working.. He was not working. We were not working.. They were not working.. |
(mot interrogatif) + BE au
prétérit
+ sujet + V-ing... ? ... was I working..? ... were you working..? ... was he working...? ... were we working..? ... were they working..? |
| Present Perfect | Sujet + HAVE au
présent + Participe
Passé... I have worked... You have worked.. He has worked... We have worked.. They have worked... |
Sujet + HAVE au
présent + not + Participe Passé... I have not worked... You have not worked.. He has not worked... We have not worked.. They have not worked... |
(mot interrogatif)+ HAVE au
présent
+
sujet + Participe
Passé...? ... have I worked...? ... have you worked..? ... has he worked...? ... have we worked..? ... have they worked...? |
| Futur | Sujet + WILL + Base Verbale I will work... You will work... He will work.. We will work... They will work... |
Sujet + WILL + NOT + Base Verbale I will not work... You will not work... He will not work.. We will not work... They will not work... |
(mot interrogatif) + WILL + sujet
+ Base Verbale...? ... will I work...? ... will you work...? .. will he work...? ... will we work...? ... will they work...? |
| Conditionnel | Sujet + WOULD + Base Verbale I would work.. You would work... He would work... We would work... They would work... |
Sujet + WOULD + NOT + Base Verbale I would not work... You would not work... He would not work... We would not work... They would not work... |
(mot interrogatif) + WOULD +
sujet + Base Verbale...? ... would I work...? ... would you work...? ... would he work...? .... would we work...? ... would they work...? |
| Past Perfect | Sujet + HAD + Participe
Passé... I had worked... You had worked.. He had worked... We had worked.. They had worked.... |
Sujet + HAD + NOT + Participe
Passé I had not worked.. You had not worked... He had not worked... We had not worked... They had not worked.... |
(mot interrogatif) + HAD + sujet
+ Participe passé...? ... had I worked...? ... had you worked...? ... had he worked...? ... had we worked...? ... had they worked...? |
Rappel de l'usage de ces temps:
| Présent simple | --> pour parler d'une habitude --> pour une vérité générale --> pour une situation permanente --> avec les verbes d'état |
| Présent BE + ING | --> pour décrire un
événement en déroulement au moment
présent. --> pour une situation provisoire |
| Prétérit simple | --> pour parler d'un évenement
passé et révolu. --> pour conter une succession d'événements dans le passé. |
| Prétérit BE + ING | --> pour décrire un
événement en déroulement dans le
passé. --> pour décrire une situation provisoire dans le passé. |
| Present Perfect | --> pour exprimer un parcours
commençant dans le passé et se poursuivant
jusqu'au moment présent --> pour exprimer un résultat au moment présent |
| Past Perfect | --> pour parler d'un
événement antérieur à un
autre événement passé. --> pour exprimer un parcours dans le passé |
| Futur | --> pour parler d'un événement à venir |
| Conditionnel | --> pour parler d'un
événement fictif (expression de
l'hypothèse) --> pour parler d'un événement à venir dans le passé (futur dans le passé) |